Abstract

GONZALEZ GALEANO, Marcial Carlos César. Clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients during a dengue outbreak. Rev. Virtual Soc. Parag. Med. Int. [online]. 2015, vol.2, n.2, pp.52-62. ISSN 2312-3893.  https://doi.org/10.18004/rvspmi/2312-3893/2015.02(02)52-062.

Introduction: Dengue is a dynamic multisystemic viral disease with four serotypes and is endemic in Paraguay. It has a variable clinical spectrum. Between February and April 2015, there was an outbreak in the city of Coronel Oviedo (Paraguay), which increased the number of consultations and cases of patients that needed hospitalization. Objective: To determine the clinical characteristics of patients, during the 2015 outbreak. Methodology: This was an observational cross-sectional retrospective descriptive non-probabilistic study with an analytical component. The clinical records of women and men older than 18 years old and admitted into the area of dengue patients at the Regional Hospital of between February and April 2015 were evaluated. Results: Mean age of the patients was 42.1 ±18.6 years and 70.43% was women. Hundred percent of patients presented clinical symptoms compatible with dengue; in 77.05% of the cases NS1 antigen was positive and in 59.02% there was an epidemiological link. The 77.05% presented signs of alarm being thrombocytopenia the most frequent (65.57%). During the critical phase of the disease, 80.33% of the patients were hospitalized. Arterial hypertension was the most frequent associated comorbidity (39.34%). A weak negative correlation was found between platelets counting and values of hepatic enzymes. The mean of hospitalization days was 4.49±1.93. Conclusions: The mean age was 42.13 ±18.66 years and most of the patients were women. Hundred percent of the patients presented clinical symptoms compatible with dengue, NS1 antigen was positive in most cases and a high percentage was confirmed by epidemiologic link. A 77.05% presented alarm signs being thrombocytopenia the most frequent; during the critical phase of the disease 80.33% of the patients were hospitalized.

Keywords : dengue; epidemic; alarm signs; thrombocytopenia.

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