Abstract

SEGOVIA-CORONEL, N et al. Diabetic foot, an undesirable outcome of Diabetes Mellitus. Rev. salud publica Parag. [online]. 2017, vol.7, n.2, pp.9-13. ISSN 2307-3349.  https://doi.org/10.18004/rspp.2017.diciembre.9-13.

The World Health Organization defines the diabetic foot as a “situation of infection, ulceration or destruction of the deep tissues of the feet. It is associated with neurological abnormalities and various degrees of peripheral vascular disease in the lower limbs of patients with Diabetes Mellitus”. The objective of the research was to identify the prevalence of microorganisms which caused infections in patients diagnosed with diabetic foot treated at the Regional Hospital of Ciudad del Este, Paraguay, during the year 2015. It is a descriptive, crosssectional and retrospective study. The sampling was nonprobabilistic, for convenience, and 115 samples were included corresponding to 94 patients. The database of the Department of Bacteriology of the Regional Hospital of Ciudad del Este was used. Of the 94 patients with diagnosed diabetic foot, 52% were men. 25% of the infections occurred in patients with ages ranging from 51 to 60 years. 21 microorganisms were isolated in the 115 different samples. 80% (75) were monomicrobial, and 20% (40) polymicrobial. The most isolated bacterium in this group of bacteria was the Staphylococcus aureus (19%). Among the Gram positive bacilli, the most frequently isolated microorganism was Staphylococcus aureus, 19% (22) and Enterococcus spp. 6% (6) and among Gram negatives: Klebsiella pneumoniae 13% (16) and Acinetobacter spp. 12% (14). The results of the sensitivity tests demonstrated that 100% of the strains of S. aureus were resistant to Oxacillin and 100% of the strains of K. pneumoniae showed resistance to cefhems. 100% of the strains of Acinetobacter spp were resistant to Cefotaxime and Piperacillin. The isolated microorganisms and the antimicrobial resistance profile they present coincide with the literature, and it is of most importance to implement prevention programs regarding this pathology in order to avoid amputations in this type of patients.

Keywords : bacteria; foot; diabetic; hospital; Paraguay.

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