Introduction:

The open abdomen is a surgical technique that consists of leaving the abdominal cavity open after performing the surgical act as an alternative management in certain situations such as abdominal sepsis, thus avoiding the formation of septic foci and the secondary compartment syndrome when closing with tension.

Objective:

To describe the morbidity and mortality in patients with open abdomen in the Hospital Nacional de Itauguá.

Materials and methods:

Observational, descriptive type, cross section made in patients with open abdomen in the period from January 2016 to June 2018 in the Hospital Nacional de Itauguá.

Results:

in 42 patients managed with open abdomen it was found that the frequency was higher in the male sex and this condition occurred mostly in the middle adult age. The non-traumatic etiology was present in 31 patients, of which 48.4% were acute peritonitis. The frequency of mortality was higher in this group compared to those of traumatic etiology. In 14 patients it was necessary to use some type of ostomy. In 100% of the cases, the Bogotá bag was used as the initial wall management, with an average of 5.6 surgical interventions. The most used method for the final resolution of the wall was the repair of the wall without separation of components. Of our patients, 22 had some underlying pathology, the arterial hypertension associated with other pathologies, was the most frequent. 83.3% presented some medical complication during their hospital stay, and 31% were complicated by fistulas. Enteral nutrition associated with parenteral nutrition was the most used (40.4%). The average hospital stay was 40.5 days; the average stay in the Intensive Care Unit was 17 days. The mortality in the study group was high (52.4%), being the most frequent cause the abdominal septic shock.

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