Abstract

TAPIA RODRIGUEZ, Atenas et al. Determination of the spatial behavior of anthracnose in avocado cultivation using spatial statistics. Investig. Agrar. [online]. 2021, vol.23, n.2, pp.63-72. ISSN 2305-0683.  https://doi.org/10.18004/investig.agrar.2021.diciembre.2302697.

Anthracnose is a fungal disease that is present in avocado crops on a recurring basis, generating significant economic losses for the productive sector of the State of Mexico. To focus control measures, it is important to know the spatial distribution and dynamics that diseases such as anthracnose follow through geostatistical methods. For this reason, the objective of this study was to determine the spatial behavior of anthracnose in the Hass avocado crop in Coatepec Harinas and Tenancingo, two producing municipalities in the State of Mexico. Four hectares were sampled, establishing 40 quadrants in each one, and in each one of them, 10 10-year-old Hass avocado trees were georeferenced with a DGPS and used to measure the incidence of anthracnose symptoms in 12 fruits. The data were analyzed with the Variowin 2.2 software and the maps generated with the Surfer 16 program. The maps produced show aggregation centers, and the semivariograms suggest a distribution fitted mostly to Gaussian and exponential models; with ranges fluctuate between 12 and 56 meters, indicating an association between the data; the highest percentage of infected surface was 99% for the first sampling in April, while for the first sampling in November, the highest percentage was 98% in both municipalities. The distance index for the regularity Ia corroborated the existence of aggregation foci in all samplings, as well as the values ​​obtained from the clustering index Ja.

Keywords : Colletotrichum gloeosporioides; Kriging; aggregation; avocado.

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