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Población y Desarrollo

Print version ISSN 2076-0531On-line version ISSN 2076-054X

Abstract

RODRIGUEZ, Clarissa et al. The economic and social impact of the historical center of Asunción, Paraguay as a creative city. 2018. Poblac.Desarro. [online]. 2021, vol.27, n.52, pp.30-42. ISSN 2076-054X.  https://doi.org/10.18004/pdfce/2076-054x/2021.027.52.030.

It has been seen in recent years that more and more cities play a fairly important role as spaces of cultural influence, social inclusion and as a catalyst for the economic development of a region, even a country. In this sense, the research work aims to evaluate the economic, social and cultural impact of creative economy initiatives in the Historic Center of Asunción, through a triangulation of quantitative and qualitative, chronological and spatial methods. The methodology applied according to the different phases of the research consisted of a systemic, bibliographic-documentary and field approach, the latter consisted of three phases, the first consisted of the delimitation of criteria for the domain of cultural and creative companies, the second phase in the construction of the field mapping on a baseline taking into account the National Economic Census of 2011. The third phase was based on the design of the survey to collect socioeconomic data through the arcgis survey software. In Paraguay the statistics of the cultural and creative area are scarce, therefore the challenge of this project was to quantitatively approximate the contribution of culture (specifically the Historic Center of Asunción). For this, the methodology of simple indicators for each dimension was selected based on the manual of indicators for the cultural and creative area of UNESCO of 2014, adapted for the case study taking into account the availability of data. The main results obtained indicate that, of a total of 318 companies in the cultural and creative sector in the historic center of Asunción, considering data on economic unit, occupation and sales levels and expenses of companies in 2018, the contribution of the Cultural and Creative of CHA in GDP is 1.8%, 0.29% of creative employment at the country level is found in CHA. The main sources of employment are teaching, art, entertainment and recreation, followed by information and communication activities. 53.4% of employees have incomes less than or equal to SM, sales levels were higher than expenses, with a high profit margin for companies of approximately 41%. It is concluded that 0.29% of creative employment at the country level is found in the CHA, the line of education, according to official data, educational policy remained constant throughout the period (2010-2019) being the Total weekly hours dedicated to art 30 and 38 in the second and third cycle respectively. The presence of cultural NGOs in the CHA, in some way, as well as companies dedicated to the audiovisual sector, migrated to other areas of Asunción, with very few maintaining their establishments in the period analyzed. Therefore, it is considered that; specialized education is necessary, the search for financing is a challenge for the sector, as well as the articulation between the different actors. Finally, quantification from satellite accounts is key so that the State has a better defined role and a National Plan that allows the sector to take off.

Keywords : cities; development; economic; culture; Paraguay.

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