Introduction:

accelerated atherosclerosis that occurs in SLE is considered one of the principal mechanisms of increased mortality due to cardiovascular causes. Between factors which contribute to the process of accelerated atherosclerosis include traditional cardiovascular risk factors and factors related to SLE.

Objective:

to identify the cardiovascular risk factors related to SLE and the associated traditional risk factors in patients with SLE.

Material and method:

descriptive study of transverse section with analytical component of patients diagnosed with SLE who attended to Day Hospital of the Department of Internal Medicine of the National Hospital from January 2015 to March 2016. The variables analyzed were: age, origin, sex, time of diagnosis of SLE, activity of the disease, presence of lupus nephritis, chronic nephropathy, overweight, obesity, waist in cm, history of sedentary lifestyle, smoking, hypertension (HBP), controlled hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertiglyceridemia, low HDL, metabolic syndrome, antibody anticardiolipin. For the analytical component, the Chi square test and logistic regression were used to establish an association between the variables.

Results:

114 patients were studied, 96 being female (84.2%) and 18 male (16%). The average age was 36 ± 14 years. They came from the Central Department 42 (42%) and inland 59 (58%). The mean time of diagnosis of SLE was 5 ± 6 years. We found active SLE in 40 (35%), lupus nephritis 46 (40.4%), overweight 43 (38%), obesity 18 (16%), sedentary lifestyle 52 (46%), HTA 47 (42%), HBP controlled 24 (24%), smoking 3 (3%), alcoholism 3 (3%). They had hypercholesterolemia 38 (33.8%), hypertriglyceridemia 24 (21.1%) c-HDL low 44 (40%). The frequency of metabolic syndrome was 2%. Ac anticardiolipin was positive in 1, C3 and C4 increased by 5 (4.4%) and nephropathy in disease 11 (10%). The average dose of prednisone was 25 mg / day. There was 1 acute myocardial infarction, elelectrocardiogram (ECG) was abnormal in 5 and abnormal echocardiography in 14 cases. Lupus nephritis was significantly associated with the development of hypertension (p 0.05).

Conclusion:

the main vascular risk factors related to SLE were: activity of the disease, time of illness, lupus nephritis. The main traditional vascular risk factors identified were: hypertension, overweight / obesity, low HDL-C, sedentary lifestyle, dyslipidemia. The frequency of the metabolic syndrome was low (2%). The presence of lupus nephritis was related in a statistically significant way with the development of hypertension.

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