Resumen

ROMERO NARDELLI, Leda Belén. Risk factors associated with fetal macrosomy. Rev. Nac. (Itauguá) [online]. 2014, vol.6, n.1, pp.16-24. ISSN 2072-8174.

Introduction: fetal macrosomy defines to the newborn with weight equal to or greater than 4000g. This may be associated with different risk factors, collected in the background of the patient: BMI , maternal diabetes, multiparity, prolonged pregnancy and history of previous macrosomic children, among others. Objective: To identify risk factors associated with fetal macrosomy. To describe the clinical features and sociodemographic characteristics of mothers. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted in the Department of Clinical Gynecology and Obstetrics Service of the Hospital de Clinicas San Lorenzo, directed by Prof. Dr. Vincent Battaglia Doldan, 200 patients where included, which gave birth in the period of January to December 2012. In the study the association of certain risk factors by calculating OR and confidence respective intervals to 95% were analyzed. Results: The mean age in the control group cases was 24.4 ± 6 and 26.5 ± 6 years. The highest schooling percentage was focused on the secondary level. Relative to procedence; mayority of women came from the Central Department. Significant maternal risk factors were obesity (OR = 2.7) (p < 0,001), history of macrosomic fetus (OR = 8.6) (p < 0.001), post-term pregnancy (OR = 14.7) (p <0.001), the previous parity (OR = 1.8) (p <0.05). Maternal diabetes, increased weight to 15 kg, family history of diabetes, age greater than 35 years and male sex where not statidtically significant. Conclusion: The risk factors significantly associated with fetal macrosomy were obesity, history of macrosomic fetus and post term pregnancy.

Palabras clave : fetal macrosomy; obesity; diabetes mellitus; risk factors.

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