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Revista del Nacional (Itauguá)
Print version ISSN 2072-8174
Abstract
BENITEZ, Luis María; DE TABOADA, Estela Torres and MONTIEL-JAROLIN, Dora. Pulmonary manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. Rev. Nac. (Itauguá) [online]. 2012, vol.4, n.1, pp.15-20. ISSN 2072-8174.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and tissue damage mediated by the immune system. In SLE respiratory disturbances are common and can be primary, which are related to the pathophysiologic mechanisms of SLE, or appear as consequences of the complications of the disease. Objetives: To describe the prevalence of lung involvement in patients with SLE. Identify lung diseases in patients with SLE and radiological findings. Material and Methods: We performed an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study in 33 patients hospitalized in the Department of Clinical Medicine of the National Hospital during the period January-2005 and December-2010. Results: We reviewed 201 cases of patients with SLE, of whom 33 (16%) patients had clinical manifestations of pulmonary commitment. The clinical manifestations found were dyspnea in 26 (78%) patients and fever in 24 (72%), followed by pleuritic pain in 13 (39%). In the radiographic images, pulmonary consolidation were observed in 14 cases (42%), interstitial infiltrate in 7 (21%), and pleural effusion in 5 (15%). It had been found in 24 (72%) patients pulmonary infection, 6 (18 %) reported pulmonary hemorrhage, 2 (6%) patients pulmonary tuberculosis and 1 (3%) patient pulmonary embolism. Conclusions: The frequency of lung involvement was 17% in patients with SLE. Renal and cardiac involvement predominated over pulmonary manifestations. The forms of clinical presentation were dyspnea and fever, followed by pleuritic pain and pleural effusion. Primary pulmonary manifestations were found pleuritis, pleural effusion, pulmonary hemorrhage, pulmonary embolism, lung and pulmonary hypertension. The secondary pulmonary manifestations found were community-acquired pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis. The radiographic patterns observed were pulmonary consolidation, followed by interstitial infiltrate and pleural effusion.
Keywords : lupus erythematosus; pulmonary infiltrates; pulmonary infection; dyspnea.