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Revista del Instituto de Medicina Tropical
Print version ISSN 1996-3696
Abstract
CUELLAR, Gustavo and MARTINEZ-DE CUELLAR, Celia. Risk factors associated with the severity of pneumonia acquired in the community. Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. [online]. 2019, vol.14, n.1, pp.3-13. ISSN 1996-3696. https://doi.org/10.18004/imt/20191413-13.
Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is the leading infectious cause of hospitalization and death among adults. Several factors have been associated with the occurrence of NAC, such as age, smoking, environmental exposure, malnutrition, previous CAP, asthma, inadequate oral hygiene and immunosuppressive therapy. The general objective of the study was to determine the clinical characteristics and evolution of CAP in patients hospitalized in the III Cátedra de Clínica Médica - Hospital de Clínicas, during the period January 2013 to December 2015.
Methodology:
An observational, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with CAP hospitalized in the III Cátedra de Clínica Médica - Hospital de Clínicas, during the period January 2013 to December 2015, in patients> 15 with CAP with compatible symptoms, signs and radiography.
Results:
During the study period, 70 patients with CAP were hospitalized in the III Chair of Medical Clinic, the average age of the patients was 59 ± 18.1 years, with a predominance of the female sex 52.8% (37/70), 81.8% were right-sided CAP, 63% (44/70) unilateral and 16% (11/70) with pleural effusion. The 98.5% (69/70) of the patients presented one or more risk factors; hypertension was the most frequent pathology 64.3% (45/70), followed by Global Congestive Heart Failure (GCHF) 44% (31/10) and diabetes 37% (26/70). Severe pneumonias (bilateral with or without effusion and unilateral with effusion) were more frequent in patients with diabetes, kidney disease, obesity and asthma, this frequency was significantly higher in patients with diabetes.
Conclusions:
The study showed that patients with diabetes presented a significantly higher risk compared to those who did not present this pathology, for the development of severe CAP.
Keywords : Diabetes; NAC; Comorbidity.
