Introduction:

Chickenpox is an infectious disease of worldwide distribution, caused by primary infection of varicella zoster virus (VZV), is characteristic of childhood. Man is the only known reservoir. In tropical climates, the pattern is not so obvious, the virus circulates less frequently and the disease are acquired at later ages. In May 2013, following the notification of four cases of chickenpox to the Directorate General of Health Surveillance in a military school, research was conducted.

Objective:

To confirm the outbreak and to propose recommendations for prevention and control.

Materials and Methods:

Cross sectional descriptive study. Were conducted Active retrospective search according to the following definition: a person from the Military School (MS) who presented with skin lesions, fever or sore throat between epidemiological weeks 14 and 21. Suspected cases was interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire.

Results:

In addition to the four cases already reported, we identified 12-suspected cases more, but they were discarded later. The cases were all males aged 20-24 years old, with no history of varicella, one required hospitalization and antiviral treatment, four had skin lesions, three had fever and one had sore throat.

Conclusion:

The outbreak was confirmed in a closed institution, which originated in a community of Quiindy district. All cases were temporally related to the first case found in the community. The preventive measure for cadets (students) was the home insulation so that contagion was prevented in other students of MS. Immunization against chickenpox outbreaks recommended, intensify surveillance in health services so that the system is sensitive enough to respond in a more timely manner to such events and home insulation both in closed populations as well in the community.

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