Resumen

AMARILLA, Sara et al. Invasive Meningococcal Disease: 15 years of experience in a Reference Center. Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. [online]. 2015, vol.10, n.1, pp.19-29. ISSN 1996-3696.  https://doi.org/10.18004/imt/201510119-29.

Abstrac Introduction: Meningococcal disease has been and remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Objective: To analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with invasive meningococcal infection hospitalized in a hospital of reference. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, observational and retrospective study of review of medical records of patients of age ≤15 years admitted to the Pediatrics Institute of Tropical Medicine in isolation or detection of N. meningitidis in blood, CSF or other sterile fluid, during the period January 1998 to December 2013. Results: 22 patients were captured with invasive meningococcal disease during the period studied (1-2 cases / year), with similar distribution for both sexes, prevalence of <5 years (73%) of 12 patients (54%) had meningitis and 10. (45%) meningococcemia. The predominant symptoms were fever (100%) and vomiting (90%). The predominant signs were meningeal signs (+) (45%), shock (36%) and purple (36%). (32%) required admission to intensive care unit. A fatality rate of 13% (3 patients), all with meningococcemia was found. The serogroup B was the predominant (63%), followed by serogroups C and Y / W135.Durante the last 5 years serogroup B samples totaled forwarded. Meningococcemia (p = 0.09), age < 5 years (p = 0.04), presence of shock (p ≤ 0.01), purpuric syndrome (p ≤ 0.01) and Glasgow ≤ 12 (p = 0.02) were associated with increased ICU admission. Thrombocytopenia < 100,000 was significantly associated with ICU admission (p = 0.02). Serogroup B, the most common in the entire study population, had some preponderance in the ICU income group (p = 0.2). Conclusion: Meningococcal disease presents a stable pattern of endemic in our country. In our study serogroup B was the predominant and hegemonic in the last 5 years. Meningococcemia, age < 5 years, presence of shock, and Glasgow ≤1 2 purpuric syndrome (p = 0.02) were associated with greater severity. Continued vigilance is crucial to guide prevention strategies and control of meningococcal disease

Palabras clave : Serogroup B; Tropical Medicine Institute .

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