Resumo

ARAYA, Soraya et al. Case-control study of infections requiring hospitalization in children with Down syndrome. Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. [online]. 2011, vol.6, n.1, pp.17-22. ISSN 1996-3696.

Objective. Identify the leading infectious causes of hospitalization of children with Down syndrome who are hospitalized in a referral hospital and assess whether conditions Down syndrome to a worse outcome for patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, case-control, of patients <15 years with Down syndrome hospitalized in the Institute of Tropical Medicine between 2000-2008 by infectious disease. The control group was formed by patients of the same sex, age and diagnosis without Down syndrome (ratio 1:3) in hospital, comparing the clinical, laboratory and evolution. Results were hospitalized in the study period 32 patients with Down syndrome control group, n = 96), with an average age of 39 + Male 48 months and relationship / Fem 1.7:1. Thirteen patients (41%) with Down syndrome had associated congenital heart disease. Pneumonia (n = 24, 75%) and infections of skin and soft tissue (n = 5, 15%) were the main causes of hospitalization. More Down syndrome patients admitted afebrile (28% vs. 2%, p <0.01), with normal blood leukocyte count or leukopenia (63% vs. 26%) (p = 0.0001) and bacteremic (16% vs. 4%, p <0.05). Patients with Down syndrome and pneumonia more often required admission to mechanical ventilation [8 / 21 (38%) vs. 8 / 63 (12%), p = 0.015)], more days of supplemental O2 (6.4 + 3 vs. 3 + 2, p <0.05) and longer hospital stay (10 + 6.5 vs. 6.4 + 3 days, p <0.05). The mortality rate observed in both groups was similar (3% in patients with Down syndrome vs. 1% in the control group). Conclusion: This study shows that Down syndrome patients who are hospitalized for infectious pictures most popular courses without fever, and less frequently reactive hematological changes, showing higher prevalence of bacteremia, and severity of respiratory infections

Palavras-chave : Children; Infections; Genetics syndromes.

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