Introduction:

Dengue (DEN) is one of the main public health problems in Paraguay. Identifying the risk factors associated with the evolution to severe dengue is key mainly to avoid a fatal outcome and also to somehow reduce the use of resources by reducing the number of hospitalizations.

Objectives:

To analyze the factors associated with the evolution to severe dengue in a tertiary care hospital in Paraguay during the years 2019 to 2020.

Materials and methods:

Case-control study of hospitalized patients with a diagnosis of dengue and severe dengue.

Results:

We included 146 patients, we found statistical significance in the following variables: female sex (OR 0.47 CI 0.22-0.99 p 0.045), leukopenia (OR: 0.06 CI 0.006-0.66 p 0.007), suffering from diabetes mellitus (OR 13.42 CI 1.51-118.62 and p 0.003), present intermittent abdominal pain (OR 2.67 CI 1.10-6.48 p 0.02), and cough (OR 21.79 CI 5, 93-80.05 and p 0.00).

Conclusion:

We found that female patients, with leukopenia and the condition of pregnancy were protective factors for the evolution to severe dengue. The association with the highest probability of developing severe dengue, which we found, was suffering from diabetes mellitus, presenting intermittent abdominal pain, cough, lethargy or restlessness, and normal white blood cells.

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