Resumo

RUOTI COSP, Miguel. Ultrasound evaluation of the fetal venous ductus and its clinical applications in the current Obstetrics. An. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Asunción) [online]. 2018, vol.51, n.3, pp.99-112. ISSN 1816-8949.  https://doi.org/10.18004/anales/2018.051(03)99-112.

The study of venous ductus, a vessel that arises in the portal sinus and carries richly oxygenated blood from the placenta to the left ventricle through the foramen ovale, allows the understanding of fetal hemodynamics and closes after the beginning of postnatal life. With a typical three-phase wave, always antegrade in physiological conditions, can be evaluated at any time of pregnancy, using ultrasound in two dimensions or using color Doppler facilitates its anatomical location. Numerous authors have demonstrated its usefulness in the screening of chromosomopathies in the first trimester of gestation and it is currently used as a second line after evaluation of the nuchal translucency. As the morphology of the wave demonstrates what happens in the fetal cardiac cycle, it can provide additional information in the study of the fetal circulation in those situations in which myocardial dysfunction occurs, which allows individualizing congenital heart diseases when the wave velocity of the flow It is pathological. In the evaluation of twinning monochorial biamnióticas pregnancies, allows the early identification of the fetuses that have a higher risk of suffering the twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, which could allow a more strict control in them to apply the corresponding therapy. In the evaluation of the suspicion fetal suffering, this vessel behaves as an instrument of vital importance when identifying gestations at high risk of intrauterine fetal death, especially in cases of severe intrauterine growth restriction and far from the term. This review allows us to know the contributions made by the ultrasound evaluation of venous ductus in all stages of gestation.

Palavras-chave : Venous ductus; chromosomal abnormalities screening; congenital heart disease; suspicion fetal suffering..

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