Resumen

MORALES, C  y  LELIS, N. How does the physiotherapist act in functional alterations for surgical pain?. An. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Asunción) [online]. 2018, vol.51, n.1, pp.75-84. ISSN 1816-8949.  https://doi.org/10.18004/anales/2018.051(01)75-084.

Post-operative pain is caused by proprioceptive stimulation generated through direct aggression, characteristic of the surgical act, or indirect, as a result of it, such as visceral distension, muscle spasms, nerve injury by traction, anesthetic technique, as well as pathology basal of the patient, causing functional alterations that limit the activities of daily life of the patient.

Usually the physiotherapist prioritizes in his treatment plan to calm the pain, then to deal with the functionality of the osteomioarticular system that restrict movement, in this case we talk about chronic type pain; in contrast the acute pain is not approached by the physiotherapist, nevertheless if it treats the consequences of that pain that limits the functionality of apparatuses and systems.

It is recommended to treat postoperative pain in a multidisciplinary way. In that sense, postoperative physiotherapy seeks to control some of the functional alterations generated by this acute pain, to minimize the side effects associated with the surgical act, to facilitate functional recovery, to improve the patient's well-being and satisfaction during his or her hospital stay.

There is a set of techniques, maneuvers and elements of physiotherapy that are used for the treatment of pre and post surgical patients of general, laparoscopic and thoracic surgery; the selection of the same merits an exhaustive evaluation and knowledge of the surgical act to which the patient will be submitted.

This article aims to analyze the anatomical and functional alterations that are related to surgical pain and, in this way, to intervene with kinesic therapy in order to minimize or avoid dysfunctions, reduce hospital stay and promote prompt recovery of the patient. its maximum independence.

Palabras clave : Arterial hypertension; Menopause.

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