Abstract

GONZALEZ-CABALLERO, Andrea; FERNANDEZ-MARTINEZ, Silvia  and  TORRES-FERNANDEZ, Elodia. Cytogenetic evaluation in couples with sterility and infertility who attend the Genetics Department of the Health Sciences Research Institute of the National University of Asunción in the period September 2021- February 2022. Mem. Inst. Investig. Cienc. Salud [online]. 2022, vol.20, n.3, pp.27-35. ISSN 1812-9528.  https://doi.org/10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2022.020.03.27.

The prevalence of infertility does not have very exact data and varies in each region, but it is estimated that approximately 10 to 20% of couples experience some fertility problem during their reproductive life. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), between 48 million couples and 186 million people suffer from reproductive disorders worldwide. The objective of this study was the cytogenetic evaluation in couples with sterility and infertility who attended the Genetics Department of the Health Sciences Research Institute of the National University of Asunción (IICS-UNA) from September 2021 to February 2022. The cytogenetic evaluation was carried out in samples from 19 couples, through the microscopic analysis of 30 metaphases per patient. Chromosomal abnormalities were identified in some couples studied, three structural chromosomal abnormalities and several polymorphisms or chromosomal variants were found. A normal karyotype was found in 63% of the couples studied, chromosomal abnormalities in 8%, and chromosomal variants in 29%. Of the chromosomal abnormalities found, the deletions and translocations observed are related to unbalanced gamete production, leading to spontaneous abortions; in couples with a normal karyotype, risk factors such as age, toxic habits such as consumption of tobacco, and underlying diseases were identified.

Keywords : Cytogenetic; karyotype; infertility; sterility; chromosomal abnormalities.

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