Abstract

FLORES-ALATORRE, José Francisco et al. Operational model of health promotion and prevention of oral diseases in preschool children in Cuautla, Morelos-Mexico. Mem. Inst. Investig. Cienc. Salud [online]. 2019, vol.17, n.1, pp.82-92. ISSN 1812-9528.  https://doi.org/10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2019.017(01)82-092.

Traditional strategies to address oral health in Mexico have lacked an integrated approach to the promotion of health and risk factors in common with other pathologies, mainly chronic. Uniting efforts would make better use of limited health resources. The objective of this research was to implement an operational model of health promotion and prevention of oral diseases, using a cycle of continuous improvement in the preschool community of Peña-Flores, Cuautla, Morelos. A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 120 children of both sexes. The implementation included: buccal and social epidemiological diagnosis, training of key players, execution of the oral health program, monitoring, analysis and evaluation of results. Data were collected through a participant observation guide, meetings with mothers and teachers under the participatory perspective of the triple diagnosis of popular education. The index of decayed, extracted and filled teeth was determined. The dento-bacterial plaque was measured using the dental sediment index (DIS). As a result of the control and systematization of the dental brushing process and the monitoring of the bacterial plaque, a DIS decrease of 1.04 to 0.47 was identified. With the implementation of a school menu, children's nutrition was improved. The model implemented is a possible solution to the problem of oral health of the preschool of the Peña-Flores community, located in a context of social disadvantage due to factors such as poverty, migration and lack of public services.

Keywords : oral health; health promotion; prevention of oral diseases; continuous improvement.

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