Abstract

ARROM SUHURT, Cristina Haydée; SAMUDIO, Margarita; RUOTI, Monica  and  ORUE, Elizabeth. Depressive syndrome in adolescence associated with gender, sexual abuse, physical and psychological violence. Mem. Inst. Investig. Cienc. Salud [online]. 2015, vol.13, n.3, pp.39-44. ISSN 1812-9528.  https://doi.org/10.18004/Mem.iics/1812-9528/2015.013(03)39-044.

The objective was to identify factors associated with depressive syndrome in adolescents from public and private schools of the department of Alto Parana. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 56 adolescents   of the 4 largest cities of the department (Hernandarias, Presidente Franco, Minga Guazú, Ciudad del Este). A self-administered, structured and anonymous questionnaire was completed after parental consent. To know the symptomatology related to depressive syndrome 20 questions related to psychological distress levels used in the national survey "Mental Health and Toxic habits in Paraguay" were used. The presence of 11 symptoms as minimum was indicative of the presence of depression. The variables studied were sex, age, history of psychological violence, attempt of sexual abuse or committed sexual abuse. The 35.8% (n=237) of the 661 students had depressive symptoms. In bivariate analysis, factors associated with depression were female (p<0.0001; OR: 2.99), a history of physical violence (p value <0.0001; OR: 2.48), history of psychological violence (p value <0.0001, OR=4.04), attempted sexual assault or committed abuse (p<0.0001; OR=2.3). In the multivariate analysis, associated factors were history of psychological violence (p<0.001; OR: 4.3), female sex (p<0.001; OR: 3.5), attempt of sexual abuse or committed abuse (p<0.001; OR: 2.0). The factors associated with depression after statistical adjustment was psychological violence, female gender and sexual abuse.

Keywords : depression; adolescence; associated factors.

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