Abstract

LASPINA, F et al. Resistance profile of Staphylococcus spp isolated from hemocultures in the Hospital Central of the Instituto de Prevision Social. Mem. Inst. Investig. Cienc. Salud [online]. 2008, vol.6, n.2, pp.18-24. ISSN 1812-9528.

Nosocomial infections due to Staphylococcus spp areone of the major concerns in public health all over the world. Because there are differences according to health center, patient, area and days of hospitalization, the knowledge of the resistance profile of Staphylococcus spp to the most common antibiotics is essential. The objective of the present study was to determine the resistance pattern of Staphylococcus aureus (Sau) and coagulase-negative staphylococci strains isolated from hemoculture of adult, pediatric and neonatal patients, hospitalized in the Hospital Central del Instituto de Previsión Social from June 1, 2005 to June 30, 2006. Antibiogram results carried out at the Laboratory of Microbiology of the IPS were retrospectively reviewed. The antibiotics evaluated were oxacillin (OXA), penicillin (PEN), erythromycin (ERY), clindamycin (CLI), ciprofloxacin (CIP), gentamicin (GEN), trimethoprim-sulphametoxazol (TMS), tetracycline (TET) and vancomycin (VAN). Of the 5,698 hemocultures carried out in this period, 1706 (30%) were positive. Staphylococcus spp was isolated in 755 (44%) samples; 327 (43.3%) of them corresponded to Sau and 428 (56.7%) to ECN. Resistance profile for Sau and ECN were as follows: OXA 64% and 87%, PEN 96% and 95%, ERY 48% and 52%, CIP 42% and 40%, GEN 48% and 48% and VAN did not present resistance to any of the antibiotics tested. Fifty eight percent of all Sau and 56% of ECN isolates were resistant to more than 4 antibiotics. The high frequency of penicillin resistance and poly resistance found in this study have to be taken into account at the time of choosing an empirical antibiotic scheme and for the adjustment of those already implemented. No isolates were resistant to vancomycin which is still the best antibiotic available for the treatment of infections due to penicillin resistant Staphylococcus that are inhibited by penicillinase.

Keywords : Staphylococcus aureus; estafilocococoagulasa negative; Staphylococcus aureus; coagulase-negative staphylococci; resistance; hemoculture.

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