Resumen

FLORENTIN APONTE, CC. In vitro antimicrobial resistance profile of mastitis-causing strains isolated from raw bovine milk in dairy farms of small and medium production. Mem. Inst. Investig. Cienc. Salud [online]. 2007, vol.5, n.1, pp.19-25. ISSN 1812-9528.

The antibiotic resistance and multiresistance constitute one of the most important problems of public health considering their genetic transmission among microorganisms and also to people through food of animal-origin. The objective of this work is to determine the frequency of isolated pathogens, the resistance and multiresistance profile to antimicrobials used against the main etiological agents isolated from samples of bovine milk with mastitis suspicion. Three hundred seventy one samples of raw bovine milk were processed in the laboratories of SENACSA between January 2000 and March 2006. The isolated microorganisms as well as the antimicrobial resistance and multiresistance were analyzed. In the sensitivity determination by disk diffusion test, ampicillin, penicillin, gentamicin, neomycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, sulfatrimethoprim and nitrofurantoin were assayed. These data were analyzed by descriptive statistics using Epiinfo 6,0. Staphylococcus sp. (46,4%, 172/371), Corynebacterium sp. (18,3%, 68/371), Streptococcus sp.(18,5%, 69/371), Klebsiella sp. (12,93%, 48/371) and Escherichia coli (3,77%, 14/371) were identified. Neomycin and penicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci were between 70% (120/172) and 80% (137/172) respectively while coagulase-positive ones were penicillin and streptomycin-resistant. Corynebacterium sp. was neomycin-resistant (90 %, 61/68). Streptococcus agalactiae (48%, 33/69) was penicillin-resistant (73%, 24/33); Klebsiella sp. was 100% penicillin-resistant and Escherichia coli was 100% streptomycin-resistant. Only coagulase-negative staphylococci did not show multiresistance. These resistance and multiresistance rates are high and allow the availability of updated information to guide a rational use of antimicrobials.

Palabras clave : Resistance; multiresistance; antimicrobials; bovine raw milk.

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