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Memorias del Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud

On-line version ISSN 1812-9528

Abstract

ASCURRA, M et al. Amniocentesis for prenatal diagnosis: 6 years of experience in Paraguay. Mem. Inst. Investig. Cienc. Salud [online]. 2002, vol.1, n.1, pp.28-32. ISSN 1812-9528.

ABSTRACT Prenatal diagnosis includes all diagnosis actions used to detect congenital alterations in the fetus. The obtainment of amniotic liquid or amniocentesis is the most common technique used in prenatal diagnosis. One of its aims is to detect chromosomal alterations in a fetus at risk because of the mother age or the presence of echographic markers. In this study, 300 medical records of patients who attended the Department of Genetics of the IICS and the First Center of Human Genetics in a period of 6 years were analyzed retrospectively. In the 300 cases, the data of frequency of the different chromosomopathies and culture success were analyzed. In 132 cases, mean mother age, mean gestational age, indications of prenatal cytogenetic study, echographic findings before the study and posterior evaluation of pregnancy were also studied. All samples of amniotic liquid were obtained by transabdominal puncture, under echographic screen and total asepsis. The cells of amniotic liquid were cultured in AmnioMax medium in a wet oven at 37ºC and 5% CO2 atmosphere during 10 to 12 days. Chromosomes were then analyzed by techniques of G and C bandings and results were delivered within 15 days of sample collection. A fetal karyotype was obtained in 98.7% of the cultures and a chromosomal anomaly was found in 4.0% of these samples. The mean maternal age was 37 years (range: 21 to 45 years) and the mean gestational age, according to the date of the last mestruation, was 16 weeks (range 14 to 33 weeks). The most frequent indication was maternal age higher than 35 years followed by abnormal echographic findings or an altered study of fetal risk made in maternal blood. Though the number of samples analyzed was not very high, these data agree with previous reports of other authors.

Keywords : Prenatal diagnosis; Amniocentesis; Chromosomal anomalies.

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