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Pediatría (Asunción)

On-line version ISSN 1683-9803

Abstract

RODRIGUEZ, Pamela; ANGEL FRANCO, Miguel  and  MESQUITA, Mirta. Metabolic abnormalities in nephrolithiasis: clinical management and treatment in a pediatric hospital population. Pediatr. (Asunción) [online]. 2022, vol.49, n.2, pp.97-103. ISSN 1683-9803.  https://doi.org/10.31698/ped.49022022005.

Introduction:

Urolithiasis in children is multifactorial and tends to recur. Metabolic abnormalities are important risk factors.

Objective:

To describe the metabolic abnormalities, clinical management, and treatment of nephrolithiasis in a pediatric population.

Materials and methods:

This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive and observational study, performed by sampling of consecutive cases. Patients aged 0 to 18 years with a diagnosis of nephrolithiasis from the Pediatric Nephrology Service of the Children's General Pediatric Hospital of Acosta Ñu were included during the period from January 2020 to December 2021. Variables: Demographic data, nutritional status, symptoms, presence of risk factors and results of the study of metabolic abnormalities. The data was collected in a Google form and analyzed with SPSSv21, using descriptive statistics. The protocol was approved by the research ethics committee with the release of informed consent.

Results:

A total of 112 patients were included with a median age of 13 years, 61.6% female, the most frequent symptoms were lumbar and abdominal pain and haematuria. In 54.5% (n=61) metabolic studies were performed. Metabolic abnormalities were detected in 90% (55/61). The most frequent were the combination of hypocitraturia and hypomagnesuria (34.4%). The treatment consisted of individualized dietary measures, according to the abnormalities detected.

Conclusions:

The frequency of metabolic abnormalities in the patients studied was 90%. The most frequent were the combination of hypocitraturia and hypomagnesuria. The treatment consisted of dietary measures and specific treatment of the abnormalities detected.

Keywords : Nephrolithiasis; pediatrics; metabolic abnormalities.

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