Introduction:

It has currently been observed that hypovitaminosis D and obesity can influence the future development of cardiovascular disease.

Objective:

To identify the association between vitamin D deficiency and cardiometabolic risk factors in pediatric patients from northwestern Mexico.

Materials and methods:

Children aged 6 to 15 years were included, somatometric variables, serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, vitamin D and HOMA-IR index were measured. The association of cardiometabolic risk factors and vitamin D deficiency was identified using the Chi square test.

Results:

Of the 114 patients evaluated, normal body-mass index was detected in 42.1%, 12.3% were overweight, 41.2% were obese and 4.4% were malnourished. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency and sufficiency were 18.4%, 27.2% and 54.4% respectively. Vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent in obese patients (27%). Hypertriglyceridemia was statistically associated with vitamin D deficiency (p = 0.041). Inverse correlations were observed between vitamin D levels with HOMA (r = -0.191; p = 0.41), BMI Z score (r = -0.210; p = 0.025) and insulin (r = -0.227; p = 0.015).

Conclusions:

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with a higher BMI and insulin resistance in children, which can accelerate the development of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease.

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