Introduction:

Bronchiolitis has been associated with recurrent wheezing.

Objective:

to analyze the incidence of recurrent wheezing, hospitalizations and atopy / asthma in patients with a history of hospitalization for rhinovirus (RV) bronchiolitis before 12 months of age.

Materials and Methods:

this was a retrospective cohort study. We included patients aged 2 to 4 years with recurrent wheezing and a history of hospitalization for bronchiolitis before 12 months of age, with a positive viral testing by molecular study. Demographic data, hospitalizations, personal and family history of atopy, asthma and exposure to smoke were studied. The data were analyzed in SPSS using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results were expressed in RR with 95% CI. The protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee.

Results:

120 patients were included. There were no differences in the incidence of recurrent wheezing in the exposed and control groups, 50.9% vs 49%, respectively, p = 0.85. Hospitalizations for wheezing and the presence of atopy were more frequent in the Rhinovirus group, RR = 1.7 (95% CI 1.2 -2.9) p = 0.03 and RR 1.6 (95% CI 1, 2 -2.2) p = 0.005 respectively.

Conclusions:

the incidence of recurrent wheezing was similar in both cohorts. Hospitalizations for wheezing and atopy / asthma were higher in the Rhinovirus group.

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