Objective:

To compare the efficacy of the combination of propofol - fentanyl (P / F) with propofol - ketamine (P / K) in significantly painful procedures in a Pediatric Emergency Department (PED). Design: This was a randomized, controlled, open label trial, with evaluator blinding.

Materials and Methods:

Patients from 6 months to 18 years were included, with an ASA classification less than or equal to 3, undergoing sedation and analgesia for significantly painful procedures. Interventions: Subjects were randomized to receive propofol-fentanyl or propofol-ketamine. Complications were evaluated. The variables were: demographic data, procedure type, time to adequate sedation and analgesia, additional doses required, recovery time and adverse effects.

Results:

Sixty procedures were analyzed (30 per group). There were no differences in age, sex, procedure type, duration of infusion, duration of the procedure or recovery time. The time to achieve sedation (minutes) was higher with P / F than with P / K: 2 (1-4 interquartile range) vs. 1 (interquartile range to 1-1). The time (minutes) to achieve adequate analgesia with P / F was 2 (1-5 interquartile range) vs. 1 (1-1, 25 interquartile range). p <0.001. The P / F required more additional doses, 80% vs. 43%, p <0.004, and had more side effects, 46.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 70% to 100%) versus 20% (95% CI-2% to 59%), p <0.024. The proportion of serious adverse effects with P / F vs P / K was: 6% (95% CI-1.8% to 2%) versus 0% (95% CI-0 to 0%), p = 0.246.

Conclusions:

We conclude that the combinations of Propofol / Fentanyl and Propofol / Ketamine are effective in achieving sedoanalgesia in significantly painful and short-duration procedures, with the P / F combination having more side effects and requiring more time and additional doses to achieve the desired levels of sedoanalgesia.

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