Abstract

JIMENEZ DE SAMUDIO, Angélica; SAMUDIO, Margarita  and  CANIZA, Miguela A.. Risk Factors associated to survival in children and adolescent with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Pediatr. (Asunción) [online]. 2016, vol.43, n.1, pp.18-26. ISSN 1683-9803.  https://doi.org/10.18004/ped.2016.abril.18-26.

Introduction: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the most common oncological diseases in the pediatric age. Until recently, in developing countries, the average of overall survival and disease-free rates remained at about 50%. There is limited information in developing countries regarding the prognostic factors for mortality and no published information is available from Paraguay. Objective: The aim of the study was to describe the socio demographic, clinical and laboratory results and identify prognostic factors associated with mortality of LLA patients under 18, admitted in the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Department, of the Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción from 2000 to 2012. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, and subsequently a case control study was carried out. Results: A total of 472 patients with a mean age ± SD of 6.1 ± 4.3 years (0-17 years) were included, male (53%), most of them (84.3%) consulted due to anemic syndrome. Overall mortality rate was 41.7% (197/472), with a highly significant reduction from 74% in 2000 to 14.9% in 2012. In multivariate analysis the factors independently associated with mortality were high oncologic risk, malnutrition, uneducated parents, leukocyte count above 50,000-mm³ and poor response to prednisone. The age, sex and household income were not associated significantly. Conclusions: Most of the patient characteristics were similar to those found by other authors. The mortality rate has been reduced significantly.

Keywords : Acute lymphoblastic leukemia; pediatric age; risk factors; mortality; survival rate.

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