Abstract

AZUCAS, Mayra  and  SAMUDIO, Margarita. Malnutrition due to caloric excess and deficiency in children and adolescents with Type I diabetes mellitus in the Paraguayan National Diabetes Program. Pediatr. (Asunción) [online]. 2015, vol.42, n.3, pp.205-210. ISSN 1683-9803.  https://doi.org/10.18004/ped.2015.diciembre.205-210.

Introduction: Type I Diabetes mellitus (DM1) is a chronic disease that is one of the most important public health problems because of its appearance at an early age. Medical nutrition therapy and self-monitoring are key in the management of DM1 and to prevent complications. Objective: Determine nutritional status by anthropometric measurements in addition to the calories consumed by children and adolescents with DM1. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, non-probability sampling of consecutive cases in patients under 18 years of age with type 1 diabetes, who consulted in the National Diabetes Program between 2012 and 2013, with parental consent. For data collection, a personal interview was conducted, using a precoded questionnaire with open and closed questions, that recorded demographic data (age, sex, education and place of origin). We also measured consumed calories from a 24-hour recall questionnaire and assessed nutritional status using anthropometric indicators. Results: We evaluated 37 patients from the Central Department, 21 females and 16 males.  70.3% reported an elementary education level, 16.2% were overweight or obese and 24.3% reported high caloric intake. Conclusion: An important finding in this study was the presence of overweight or obese status in 16% of patients. Nutritional support is essential in countries where the nutritional transition process exacerbates high-risk dietary behaviors.

Keywords : Diabetes Mellitus Type 1; Child Nutrition Disorders; Food Habits.

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