Abstract

MORINIGO ISLA, Geraldine et al. Anthropometry Nutritional Profile of Children under 5 years of Public Health System,  2013. Pediatr. (Asunción) [online]. 2015, vol.42, n.3, pp.187-191. ISSN 1683-9803.  https://doi.org/10.18004/ped.2015.diciembre.187-191.

Introduction: It is essential to conduct surveillance of the nutritional status of children under 5 years to make early interventions in cases of malnutrition. Objective: To determine the nutritional status of children under 5 years, users of public health services. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical, made with System data Nutritional Surveillance services of the Ministry of Health Study. The nutritional diagnosis was by anthropometry, according to WHO criteria. Results: We evaluated 52.784 children under 5 years, average age 21 months (1-59 months), 49.5 % male. The zWeight/Age, zWeight/ Height and zHeight/Age averages were -0.12 ± 1,17DE; 1,42DE ± 0.19; -0.41 ± 1.42 respectively.4.8% of Global underweight (DG) (zWeight/Age <-2 SD), 5,4 % acute underweight (DA) (zWeight/Height <-2 SD) and 12.2 % short height (DC) (zHeight/Age <-2 SD). There was increased malnutrition in children: rural residents (DG 5.1 rural area vs. 4.5 % urban, DA 5.7 rural area vs. 5.2% urban , DC 13.3 rural area vs. 11.1% urban; X2 p < 0.0001 ), with a history of low birth weight (DG 13.9 < 2500g vs. 4.1% ≥2500g; DA 9.7 < 2500g vs. 5.1% ≥2500g , DC 22.9 <2500g vs. ≥2500g 11.3 %; X2 p < 0.0001) , children of mothers with <6 years of schooling ( DG 6.9 < 6 years vs. 4.3% ≥ 6 years ; DA 6.2 < 6 years vs. 5.3% ≥ 6 years ; DC 16.3 < 6 years vs. 11.2% ≥ 6 years; X2 p < 0.0001 ), male sex (DG 5.1 male vs. 4.5% female; DC 13,5 male vs. 10.9 % female; X2 p <0.0001 ). They presented obesity (zWeight/Height > 2SD) 9.2%. Conclusions: There was malnutrition for deficit at the expense of short height and excess. Underweight was associated with rural area, low birth weight, low maternal education and male sex.

Keywords : Nutritional Status; Child Nutrition Disorders; Malnutrition.

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