Introduction:

Lung cancer is a public health problem in the world and in our country due to its high mortality and incidence. Environmental carcinogens and smoking are directly related as risk factors.

Objective:

To characterize the etiological factors of active smokers and environmental carcinogens of patients with lung cancer detected during 9 years at the National Cancer Institute, Paraguay.

Methodology:

Retrospective observational descriptive analytical study of a database for the period 2004-2013. The variables measured were demographic data, smoking load, smoking, exposure to category I environmental carcinogens.

Results:

Four hundred seventy-eight patients with lung cancer, 88.1% male and 11.9% female were included. The mean age of the male sex was 60±10 years and 58±12 years of the female age. The prevalence of exposure to category I environmental carcinogens was 36.90%. The mean smoking index was 4.48±20. The multiple linear regression model between environmental exposure, smoking and histological type to predict clinical severity was 3.6%. In the logistic regression analysis of the relationship of histological types with smoking, gender and environmental exposure, the prediction model was not improved.

Conclusions:

The etiological factors related to environmental carcinogens were present in more than one third of the population, and smoking was greater in men than in women. The most frequent histological type for both sexes, with and without the smoking habit, was non-small cell carcinoma.

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