Resumen

LOPEZ, A et al. Impact of the oxidative stress on cutaneous lesions caused by ionizing radiations. Mem. Inst. Investig. Cienc. Salud [online]. 2012, vol.10, n.1, pp.89-99. ISSN 1812-9528.

The effects caused by accidental or therapeutic exposure to doses of ionizing radiations induce several cellular events that affect the process of skin healing, and have great impact in the prognosis and survival of affected individuals. The existing information on the harmful effects of exposures to high radiation doses comes from the survivors of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki nuclear bombs who developed health problems such as leukemia and lymphoma. The acute radiation syndrome (ARS) initiates generally after two hours of the body exposure to the radiation, and the severity of the lesions depends on the dose and time of exposure. The development of the lesions as late effects of radiation exposure is more complex and determines not only the damage to the cell parenchymabut also changes the characteristics within the vascular tissues and other supporting tissues. At least partially, these events appear as result of the oxidative stress generated by the excessive increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Commercial compounds are being studied as potential targets for the prevention of the damages caused by radiations in the skin that have wide activity against multiple cytokines involved in the process of the cutaneous lesion. On the other hand, some drugs are being studied that react with the free radicals, indirectly inhibit the expression of the enzymes that generate the production of ROS or increase the expression of intracellular antioxidant enzyme expression.

Palabras clave : ionizing radiation; oxidative stress; reactive oxygen species; skin.

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