Abstract

ALVAREZ, Susana Edit; SOLIS, Juan; YASEM DE ROMERO, Marta Graciela  and  BENITEZ-AHRENDTS, Marcelo-Rafael. Endophytic colonization of local Trichoderma asperelloides strains in quinoa plants, Jujuy-Argentina. Investig. Agrar. [online]. 2024, vol.26, n.1, pp.14-21. ISSN 2305-0683.  https://doi.org/10.18004/investig.agrar.2024.junio.2601789.

The quinoa crop is affected by various diseases, with mildew (Peronospora variabilis Gaum) being the most important due to prevalence, severity and economic impact. Antagonistic endophytic fungi represent a sustainable option for the sanitary management of crops. The objective of the work was to determine the endophytic behavior of local strains of Trichoderma asperelloides in quinoa seedlings. The culture technique was used to re-isolate the fungus from root, stem and leaf sections at 15 and 30 daa and microscopic observation of histological sections to characterize the colonization of the fungus at 30 daa. The design defined the fixed effects: quinoa genotype (AMMA-18, RQ-252-18 and RQ-SAC-18), T. asperelloides strain: (T1, T15, T16); organ: root, stem, leaf, and evaluation time 15 and 30 daa. The highest occurrence of re-isolations was at 15 daa in RQ-252-18 from the three sections, followed by AMMA-2018 and RQ-SAC-18. Significant differences were recorded in the RQ-252-18/T16 interaction levels, with re-isolations from root and leaf being higher. At 30 daa, there were no differences between genotypes, but between type of organ, always superior in root. Re-isolation was dependent on the time since application and the genotype/strain combination. Intercellular colonization of fungal hyphae was observed in the epidermal tissue and stem and root cortex. The work expands the records of T. asperelloides as a quinoa endophyte for future multiple interaction studies with P. variabilis or other biotic and/or abiotic stress factors.

Keywords : Chenopodium quinoa; Trichoderma asperelloides; endophyte; colonization.

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