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Memorias del Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud
On-line version ISSN 1812-9528
Abstract
ORTIZ GALEANO, I et al. Frequency of high blood pressure in patients at first attendance to the Ambulatory Care of the First Department of Internal Medicine, Clinicas Hospital in 2012. Mem. Inst. Investig. Cienc. Salud [online]. 2014, vol.12, n.2, pp.59-67. ISSN 1812-9528.
Hypertension is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, the leading causes of mortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of hypertension and its association with other cardiovascular risk factors, in patients at their first appointment in the Outpatient Care of Medical Clinic, Clinical Hospital, School of Medicine, in 2012. An observational, descriptive, retrospective study with an analytical component was conducted, in which we studied patients aged 18 to 90 years, selected by simple random sampling. In the study period, there were a total of 4,046 medical records in the first query, 3,854 met the inclusion criteria and were considered for randomization. Demographic, anthropometric, biochemical variables, blood pressure, type 2 diabetes mellitus, alcohol and tobacco consumption were studied. The sample size was 457 medical records which were analyzed, the overall mean age was 44.13±17 years (men: 48.23±18 years; women: 46.61±11 years), 300 patients (66%) were women. The overall frequency of hypertension (95% CI) was 30.41±4.2%, with no significant statistical difference (p=0.261) between women and men (32.33±4.3% versus 28±4.1%). Obesity was the most frequent cardiovascular risk factor. Almost 60% of patients had one or more cardiovascular risk factors. Hypertension was associated with obesity (OR: 4.427, 95% CI 2.345 to 4.876, p=0.032), diabetes (OR: 2.141, 95% CI: 1.261 to 2.347, p=0.005) and HDL-C<35 mg/dl (OR: 1.761, 95% CI: 1.116 to 1.876, p=0.001). The high frequency of hypertension and obesity observed in this population are consistent with data reported at the national level and was significantly associated with other cardiovascular factors.
Keywords : frequency; hypertension; cardiovascular risk factors; outpatient care.